Yes, you can shoot “00” or “000” buck shot through a full choke but the compression applied to the shot as it leaves the barrel can and will deform it causing erratic patterns. This is especially true with choke tubes. If you have ever shot “00” through a full choke at paper there are always one or two pellets that seem out of place.
One thing you don't want to do is shoot buck shot through a rifled slug barrel. Google it sometime and check out the terrible way it patterns. Kind of gives it a swirl pattern and spreads out way to fast. In one test they had it spead out so fast that it was possible to completely miss a man sized target at 10 yrds.